Data Visualisation

A Thousand Years of Stone

Every significant castle in Northumberland, from the Anglo-Saxon fortress at Bamburgh to the Tudor fort on Holy Island.

500

Bamburgh Castle

c. 547 (site); Norman castle c. 1164
Restored / Lived-in
Bamburgh

Anglo-Saxon royal stronghold rebuilt by Normans; magnificently restored by Lord Armstrong in the 1890s.

1000

Elsdon Castle

c. 1080
Ruin
Elsdon

Norman motte and bailey built by Robert de Umfraville to guard Redesdale.

Alnwick Castle

1096
Restored / Lived-in
Alnwick

Founded by Ivo de Vesci; seat of the Percy family since 1309 and second largest inhabited castle in England.

Norham Castle

1099–1128
English Heritage
Norham

Mighty border fortress built by the Bishop of Durham; besieged at least 13 times.

1100

Prudhoe Castle

c. 1100
English Heritage
Prudhoe

Norman castle on the Tyne; the only Northumberland castle never taken by the Scots.

Wark on Tweed Castle

1136
Ruin
Wark-on-Tweed

Border stronghold built by Walter Espec; destroyed and rebuilt multiple times during Anglo-Scottish wars.

Chillingham Castle

12th century; fortified 1344
Restored / Open to Public
Chillingham

Medieval fortress known as one of Britain's most haunted castles; home to the Grey family since 1246.

Warkworth Castle

c. 1150
English Heritage
Warkworth

Magnificent cross-shaped keep above the River Coquet; home of Shakespeare's Harry Hotspur.

Harbottle Castle

c. 1157–1160
Ruin
Harbottle

Built by the Umfraville family for Henry II to control Redesdale; birthplace of Margaret Douglas.

Thirlwall Castle

12th century; fortified c. 1330
Ruin
Greenhead

Built partly from stones of nearby Hadrian's Wall on the banks of the River Tipalt.

Mitford Castle

c. 1160
Ruin
Mitford

Norman castle built by the Bertram family overlooking the River Wansbeck.

Morpeth Castle

11th century; rebuilt 1340s
Ruin (Gatehouse Restored)
Morpeth

Original motte and bailey destroyed by King John in 1216; 14th-century gatehouse now holiday accommodation.

1200

Ford Castle

c. 1278; crenellated 1338
Restored
Ford

Medieval castle rebuilt after the Battle of Flodden; now used as a residential education centre.

Haughton Castle

13th century; enlarged 14th century
Restored / Private
Humshaugh

Tower house in the North Tyne valley enlarged into a fortified manor; privately owned.

Aydon Castle

1296; fortified 1305
English Heritage
Corbridge

One of the finest and most complete examples of a 13th-century English manor house.

1300

Featherstone Castle

13th century; pele tower 1330
Restored / Private
Haltwhistle

Hall house with added pele tower set in a dramatic wooded gorge on the South Tyne.

Dunstanburgh Castle

1313–1322
English Heritage / National Trust
Craster

Enormous coastal ruin built by Earl Thomas of Lancaster; dramatic headland setting.

Edlingham Castle

c. 1300; tower added 14th century
English Heritage
Edlingham

Hall house with later solar tower set beside a Norman church in a quiet valley.

Etal Castle

c. 1341
English Heritage
Etal

Border castle built by Robert Manners to defend against Scottish raids.

Bothal Castle

1343
Partly Restored / Private
Bothal

Impressive 14th-century gatehouse with turrets overlooking the River Wansbeck.

Langley Castle

1350
Restored (Hotel)
Langley

H-plan tower house built by Sir Thomas de Lucy; now a luxury hotel after 1890s restoration.

Cresswell Tower

c. 1350
Ruin (Consolidated)
Cresswell

Coastal pele tower built to defend against border reivers; stabilised in recent years.

Belsay Castle

1370
English Heritage
Belsay

14th-century pele tower with attached 17th-century manor house in landscaped grounds.

Cartington Castle

c. 1380s; crenellated 1442
Ruin
Cartington

Pele tower extended with a great hall; damaged by fire in the 19th century.

1400

Callaly Castle

14th–15th century pele tower; house 1619
Restored / Private
Callaly

Pele tower incorporated into a later mansion with 17th and 18th century additions.

Chipchase Castle

14th century pele tower; Jacobean house 1621
Restored / Private
Chipchase

Medieval pele tower with attached Jacobean mansion overlooking the North Tyne.

Castle Heaton

c. 1415 (rebuilt)
Ruin
Cornhill-on-Tweed

Quadrangular castle of the Grey family; slighted by James IV of Scotland in 1496.

Dilston Castle

c. 1420s
Ruin
Corbridge

Tower house built by Sir William Claxton; later seat of the ill-fated Earl of Derwentwater.

1500

Lindisfarne Castle

1549–1550
National Trust
Holy Island

Tudor fort on a dramatic rock converted into an Edwardian country house by Edwin Lutyens in 1901.

More Castles Than Any Other County

Northumberland has more castles than any other English county. Centuries of border warfare with Scotland, waves of Viking raids, and the sheer lawlessness of the reivers meant that every valley, every crossing, every stretch of coast needed defending.

29
Castles
14
Ruins
12
Restored
8
English Heritage

This count covers castles and major fortifications only. Northumberland's 70+ pele towers — the smaller defensive towers of the reiver era — are a story for another day.

Explore Northumberland's Castles

View the full castles page — images, histories, and visiting information for every castle in Northumberland.

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